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Logexin^1000®

Penicillin G procaine

Sterile Powder for injection

Pharmaceutical Category:

Antibiotic Penicillin

Composition:

Each vial contains

Pharmacology:

Penicillins are usually bactericidal against susceptible bacteria and act by inhibiting mucopeptide synthesis in the cell wall resulting in a defective barrier and an osmotically unstable spheroplast. The exact mechanism for this effect has not been definitively determined, but beta-lactam antibiotics have been shown to bind to several enzymes (carboxypeptidases, transpeptidases, endopeptidases) within the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane that are involved with cell wall synthesis. Penicillins are generally considered to be more effective against actively growing bacteria. Penicillin G has in vitro activity against most spirochetes and gram positive and gram negative aerobic cocci, but not penicillinase producing strains. They have activity against some aerobic and anaerobic gram positive bacilli such as Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium sp. (not C. difficile), Fusobacterium and Actinomyces. The natural penicillins are customarily inactive against most gram negative aerobic and anaerobic bacilli, and all Rickettsia, mycobacteria, fungi, Mycoplasma and viruses.

Pharmacokinetics:

Procaine penicillin G is slowly hydrolyzed to penicillin G after IM injection. Peak levels are much lower than with parenterally administered aqueous penicillin G sodium or potassium, but serum levels are more prolonged.

After absorption, penicillin G is widely distributed throughout the body with the exception of the CSF, joints and milk. In lactating dairy cattle, the milk to plasma ratio is about 0.2. CSF levels are generally only 10% or less of those found in the serum when meninges are not inflamed. Levels in the CSF may be greater in patients with inflamed meninges. Binding to plasma proteins is approximately 50% in most species. Penicillin G is principally excreted unchanged into the urine through renal mechanisms via both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Elimination half-lives are very rapid and are usually one hour or less in most species (if normal renal function exists).

Indication:

It is indicated in treatment of susceptible bacteria such as treatment of Anthrax, Botulism, Strangles, Tetanus, gas gangrene, pneumonia, rhinitis, malignant edema, leptospirosis and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis.

Administration and Dosage:

To obtain an appropriate suspension for injection add 5 ml of water for injection to the vial, shake well to homogenize the suspension and administer right afterward.

Cattle, Sheep and goats: 10’000 – 20’000 Units/kg body weight IM or SC q24h.

Horses: 22’000 – 44’000 Units/kg body weight IM or SC q12h.

Dogs and cats: 20’000 Units/kg body weight IM or SC q12-24h

Contraindications and warnings:

Penicillins are contraindicated in patients who have a history of hypersensitivity to them. Because there may be cross-reactivity, use penicillins cautiously in patients who are documented hypersensitive to other beta-lactam antibiotics. Do not administer simultaneously with tetracyclines, florfenicol or phenylbutazone due to drug interactions. Penicillins have been shown to cross the placenta and safe use of them during pregnancy has not been firmly established, but neither have there been any documented teratogenic problems associated with these drugs. However, use only when the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Certain species (snakes, birds, turtles, Guinea pigs, and chinchillas) are reportedly sensitive to procaine penicillin G. Adverse effects with the penicillins are usually not serious and have a relatively low frequency of occurrence. Hypersensitivity reactions unrelated to dose can occur with these agents and can be manifested as rashes, fever, eosinophilia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemias, lymphadenopathy, or full blown anaphylaxis.

Withdrawal time:

Not for use in ewes Producing milk for human consumption.

Storage:

Store below 25° C and Protect from direct sunlight.

Keep out of reach and sight of children.

Presentation:

1 g powder in 10 ml vial

Product License Number from IVO:

For Veterinary Use Only